Surfacing welding is a kind of modern technology technique that the product with outright efficiency is transferred on the surface area of the welding piece by the welding approach. The function of this method is not to connect the weldment, but to acquire the deposited metal layer with distinct buildings such as wear-resistance, heat-resistance and also corrosion-resistance on the surface of the weldment, or to boost the size or restore of the weldment. The surfacing is extensively made use of in manufacture and also repair.
2, surfacing metal
Normally speaking, the emerging metal ought to first fulfill the problems of use of the welding components; secondly, take into consideration the appearing steel weldability is better, and after that appropriately pick more economical appearing metal.
Normally speaking, the emerging metal ought to first fulfill the problems of use of the welding components; secondly, take into consideration the appearing steel weldability is better, and after that appropriately pick more economical appearing metal.
Common surfacing metals made use of under functioning conditions are: high-stress intermetallic wear making use of hypoeutectic cobalt-based AlloyAlloy, cobalt-based AlloyAlloy having intermetallic substances; Most nickel-based alloys or cobalt-based alloys are selected for intermetallic wear + corrosion or oxidation, high AlloyAlloy cast iron for low-stress Abrasive wear, effect erosion, and rough erosion, carbide for high-stress unpleasant wear as well as cutting edge Co-based AlloyAlloy was selected for cavitation erosion, high-alloy manganese steel for serious effect, hypoeutectic co-base AlloyAlloy for serious impact + deterioration + oxidation, hypoeutectic co-base AlloyAlloy for intermetallic wear and co-base AlloyAlloy with intermetallic substance at high-temperature AUSTENITIC manganese steel is used for chisel-type rough wear, as well as the cobalt-based carbide-type cobalt-based AlloyAlloy is utilized for heat creep toughness at 540 ° C.
Iron-based hardfacing metal has lots of products, a variety of residential or commercial properties, appropriate matching of toughness, and also wear resistance, as well as the most significant advantage is an inexpensive, so it is widely utilized. There are four broad groups:
One is pearlitic steel emerging steel, this sort of alloy weldability, influence resistance, reduced hardness, mostly used to fix mechanical components like shaft.
The other is the AUSTENITIC steel hardfacing steel. The austenitic manganese steel hardfacing metal has the qualities of high effect toughness and also job solidifying, however it is very easy to create warm splits, typically utilized to fix the extreme impact tons in between the steel wear and also abrasive wear parts, such as mining trucks, railway yield, and so on. The austenitic chromium-manganese hardfacing steel has better weldability than austenitic manganese steel and has much better rust resistance, heat resistance, as well as thermal crack resistance.
The third is the MARTENSITIC steel hardfacing steel, the structure of which is primarily martensite. The hardfacing layer has high solidity as well as yield stamina, high wear resistance, and can be based on medium impact, yet the effect resistance is even worse than that of pearlitic steel as well as AUSTENITIC steel. They are mostly utilized to repair worn components between the steel, such as gears, traction chassis, and so on
. The fourth is alloy actors iron hardfacing steel, this kind of hardfacing layer has very high abrasion resistance, warmth resistance, deterioration resistance, superb oxidation resistance, and resistance to light impact. Still, it is simple to fracture when appearing, and special treatment is taken when welding, mainly made use of for surfacing farming welding equipment, mining tools, as well as various other parts.
Nickel-based hardfacing steels, one of the most extensively used of which are nickel-chromium-boron-silicon collection alloys, which have excellent residential properties of resistance to low-stress Abrasive wear as well as resistance to wear in between steels, rust resistance, heat resistance, and also high-temperature oxidation resistance, however the toughness to high-stress Abrasive wear and influence resistance is much less, generally made use of in corrosive media or high-temperature atmosphere by low-stress Abrasive wear occasions.
Ni-based alloys including intermetallic compounds, such as Ni-32mo-15cr-3si, have a high hardness at high temperature, superb resistance to intermetallic wear, as well as tool unpleasant wear, but weak impact resistance. This AlloyAlloy is ideal for tungsten gas secured ARC SURFACING OR PLASMA ARC appearing. It is generally used for appearing of valves working in very corrosive media.
Nickel-based alloys having carbides are much less costly than cobalt-based alloys, and also from an economic viewpoint, they are widely used as replacement for cobalt-based surfacing metals.
Cobalt-based hardfacing metal, generally refers to cobalt-chromium-tungsten AlloyAlloy, which can keep high toughness and also firmness at concerning 650 ° C, has certain deterioration resistance and also superb adhesive wear resistance, and also cobalt-based AlloyAlloy has the most effective comprehensive buildings among hardfacing steels, frequently made use of for surfacing welding of parts in high temperature level working state.
Copper-based hardfacing metal, normally bronze, brass, cupronickel, pure copper, copper-based hardfacing alloy rust resistance, corrosion resistance and also put on resistance in between the metal is good, can be hardfacing iron-based products made into bimetal parts, it can additionally be made use of to fix used components; nonetheless, the copper-based hardfacing metal has weak resistance to sulfide deterioration, rough wear and also heat creep, reduced solidity as well as is difficult to weld and is only ideal for applications listed below 200 ° C, this kind of build-up welding metal is primarily used for the build-up welding of birthing Bush, low-pressure shutoff sealing surface area, and so on.
Carbide appearing welding steel, primarily made use of for seriously worn functioning conditions, such as oil well drill, road construction equipment parts surfacing welding.
Third, the surfacing welding process approach
Oxygen-acetylene appearing
It is mainly made use of for appearing welding of get rid of a smooth surface area as well as top quality demand, mainly for medium-size and also tiny welding components. Such as shutoffs, drill little bits,
overlaying welding of the plowshare, as well as other parts.
Oxygen-acetylene welding equipment is simple to run as well as cost-effective and can be utilized generally with gas welding tools, except that the nozzle aperture of soldering iron is a lot more substantial than that of gas welding, thin and also smooth surfacing layer can be obtained on a small area, the dilution price is reduced, the depth of the melted layer can be controlled within 0.1 mm, as well as the top quality of the appearing layer can be ensured The carburization of minimizing flame efficiently can decrease the toughness of the appearing layer, yet it can enhance the wear resistance of the surfacing layer with carbide as the major wear-resisting phase, there are particular technical demands for welders.
Oxygen-acetylene appearing usually makes use of carbonization flame appearing, the fire homes relate to the kind of emerging metal: nickel-based alloys typically use a neutral fire, however in order to enhance steel mobility, sometimes utilizing carbonization fire; For iron-based Alloy appearing, the ratio of the internal fire to the flame facility length is 2:1. For low melting factor surfacing alloy with high carbon web content, such as high chromium cast iron or cobalt-based Alloy, the proportion of the inner fire to the flame center size is three times.
Many steel items can be superimposed without change, flux should be utilized when overlaying actors iron, as well as procedures must be required to protect against the appearance of white structure and cracks. Preheating as well as slow-moving air conditioning can dramatically reduce the opportunity of fracturing of the surfacing layer, and likewise help to reduce the dilution rate; tiny workpieces can be warmed directly by a soldering iron, while large work surfaces are normally prepared in a heating system, as well as enough time is ensured to make the temperature level attire, the maximum density of each accumulation welding layer is concerning 1.6 mm.
Self-fluxing alloy powder is utilized for oxygen-acetylene spray welding (spray welding). According to the order of spray welding as well as remelting, the spray welding process is divided right into "one-step method" and also "two-step method," the process of "two-step" spray welding is defined by two actions of powder injection and remelting, as well as remelting is carried out by making use of a remelting weapon, the actions are preheating, dusting, as well as remelting.
The typical issue of oxygen-acetylene emerging is that the pores are not merged, which is brought on by inappropriate procedure or low quality of emerging material.
Electrode emerging
79; D80
1h and also the key electrode at 250
Submerged ARC emerging
Submerged ARC emerging is automated production, high existing, high efficiency, no light radiation, best working conditions, more dilution rate of submerged arc warm, general surfacing 23 layers to guarantee the called for performance, to avoid splitting take actions such as pre-heating and also slow cooling; It generally used for appearing welding in the straight setting. It is most appropriate for huge as well as non-deformable components, such as an inner wall of big size containers.
DC POWER SOURCE OR Air Conditioner power resource can used for submerged arc appearing. To boost appearing high quality and also manufacturing effectiveness, DC reverse welding primarily made use of.
the electrode changed by multi-wire and Strip electrode.
Other surfacing techniques are mig surfacing, TIG appearing, plasma arc emerging, esr appearing, laser surfacing, friction appearing.
Carbide Inserts-carbide put on pads-Carbide Inserts Stabilizer.xxx.Surfacing welding is a kind of innovation method that the material with absolute performance is transferred on the surface area of the welding item by the welding method. Still, it is simple to crack when surfacing, and unique care is taken when welding, mostly made use of for emerging agricultural welding equipment, mining tools, and also various other parts.
Welding electrode arc welding tools is affordable, universal, suitable for field emerging, power frequently made use of are Arc Welding Transformer, ARC welding rectifier, arc welding generator, and arc welding inverter, and so on. The electrode arc surfacing welding is primarily utilized for tiny batch production and also repairing used components. To improve appearing quality as well as production efficiency, DC opposite welding mostly used.
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